Lip Augmentation is possible for anyone who would like larger or fuller lips. In addition there are people who were born with abnormalities of the lips or whose lips have become deformed for one or another in later life.

Procedures available:

Temporary augmentation

Many substances have been used to temporarily enlarge the lips. These substances are primarily injected under the white line. That is the white hair free line which outlines the vermilion (red mucosa) of the lip and is distinct from normal lip. This gives a pouting lip.

The bulk of the lip can be increased by injections into the muscle but these tend to dissolve at a fast rate. The commonest material used is collagen for which an allergy test is required. Recently hyaluronic acid gel has been used. All these dissolving substances need to be topped up every 3 to 6 months.

Permanent implantation by injection

Permanent substances have tended to be rather firmer than normal lip tissue and sometimes produce lumpy results. There are however a number of products becoming available. Artecol is now widely available and can be injected without anaesthetic as an outpatient. It gives a softer result and the advantage of this material is that it does not dissolve away and therefore does not need to be replenished. The disadvantage is that because it is permanent one would not wish patients to change their minds as it would be difficult to remove. Some patients might find it firmer than normal soft tissue. The usual test is whether kissing and biting into an apple appears normal. There may be some patients that would notice a difference. Usually small amounts are injected as it is easier to add more than to take it away.

Fat injection

This is usually considered to be temporary. It has the advantage that one is using the patients own tissue. The fat is collected either as part of some other liposuction procedure or harvested specially for the purpose of augmentation of the lips. Usually it is taken from the abdomen or the buttocks. It can be stored in the fridge for later use for many months. Injection of fat does cause more temporary swelling than the injection of other substances.

Permanent Lip Augmentation using the patient’s own tissue

Dermis, the deeper layer of the skin, has been used as a graft for many years, but recently has become popular for Lip Augmentation. The tissue is harvested as a by product of some other operation where it would otherwise be discarded- e.g., Abdominoplasty, Breast Reduction, Face Lift, etc. The epidermis or outer skin is removed and the shaped dermis threaded through from one side of lip to the other. The advantage is that this tissue takes well as a graft because it is the patient’s own tissue therefore there will be no problems of allergy. The graft may not take fully and there will be some thinning of the dermis with age. However, good results can be achieved. It is a bigger procedure, producing more swelling for longer (one to three weeks) and can also create complications of infection and bleeding, as in any operation. An alternative graft to dermis is fascia (the covering of muscle). This can be the temporalis fascia from the covering of the temporalis muscle under the scalp at the temple, or from elsewhere.

Lip augmentation by injection or graft is limited by the amount of vermilion or mucousa of the lip that is available. Some older people have very limited amounts of vermilion.

Permanent Lip Augmentation with surgical advancement of the vermilion

The mucosa of the inner side of the lip can be advanced downwards to make a fuller lip or even advanced downwards and round to replace normal skin. This last operation will however destroy the normal white line. These reconstructive procedures tend to be used to treat congenital deformities and those acquired through injury or disease.

Which procedure is the best?

There are many procedures that can be used to enhance the lips. Some patients prefer temporary ones as they can change their minds. They may also whish just to try the appearance of large lips as a preliminary to something more permanent. Many patients prefer to use their own tissue, although the injections are simpler. The choice will depend very much on the patient's wishes and Dr Zavrides opinion.